feat(scripts): 添加 APT 缓存预装功能解决离线构建问题

- 新增 APT 缓存目录和相关构建脚本 export-cache.sh
- 添加 build-base-images.sh 脚本用于构建预装 APT 包的基础镜像
- 增加 build-offline-final.sh 最终版离线构建脚本
- 更新 Makefile.offline.mk 添加新的离线构建目标
- 扩展 README.md 文档详细说明 APT 缓存问题解决方案
- 为多个服务添加使用预装基础镜像的离线 Dockerfile
- 修改打包脚本包含 APT 缓存到最终压缩包中

Makefile.offline.mk

@@ -246,28 +246,59 @@ offline-build-classic: offline-setup
 offline-diagnose:
 	@bash scripts/offline/diagnose.sh $(CACHE_DIR)
 
+# 构建 APT 预装基础镜像（有网环境）
+.PHONY: offline-build-base-images
+offline-build-base-images:
+	@echo "构建 APT 预装基础镜像..."
+	@bash scripts/offline/build-base-images.sh $(CACHE_DIR)
+
+# 使用预装基础镜像进行离线构建（推荐）
+.PHONY: offline-build-final
+offline-build-final: offline-setup
+	@echo "使用预装 APT 包的基础镜像进行离线构建..."
+	@bash scripts/offline/build-offline-final.sh $(CACHE_DIR) $(OFFLINE_VERSION)
+
+# 完整离线导出（包含 APT 预装基础镜像）
+.PHONY: offline-export-full
+offline-export-full:
+	@echo "======================================"
+	@echo "完整离线缓存导出（含 APT 预装基础镜像）"
+	@echo "======================================"
+	@$(MAKE) offline-build-base-images
+	@$(MAKE) offline-export
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "导出完成！传输时请包含以下文件:"
+	@echo "  - build-cache/images/base-images-with-apt.tar"
+	@echo "  - build-cache-YYYYMMDD.tar.gz"
+
 # ========== 帮助 ==========
 
 .PHONY: help-offline
 help-offline:
 	@echo "离线构建命令:"
-	@echo "  make offline-export [CACHE_DIR=./build-cache]       - 在有网环境导出构建缓存"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "【有网环境】"
+	@echo "  make offline-export [CACHE_DIR=./build-cache]       - 导出构建缓存"
+	@echo "  make offline-export-full                            - 导出完整缓存（含 APT 预装基础镜像）"
+	@echo "  make offline-build-base-images                      - 构建 APT 预装基础镜像"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "【无网环境】"
 	@echo "  make offline-setup [CACHE_DIR=./build-cache]        - 解压并准备离线缓存"
-	@echo "  make offline-build [CACHE_DIR=./build-cache]        - 在无网环境构建所有服务(BuildKit)"
-	@echo "  make offline-build-classic                          - 使用传统 docker build（更稳定）"
-	@echo "  make <service>-offline-build                        - 离线构建单个服务"
-	@echo "                                                      (如: make backend-offline-build)"
+	@echo "  make offline-build-final                            - 使用预装基础镜像构建（推荐，解决 APT 问题）"
+	@echo "  make offline-build-classic                          - 使用传统 docker build"
+	@echo "  make offline-build                                  - 使用 BuildKit 构建"
 	@echo "  make offline-diagnose                               - 诊断离线构建环境"
+	@echo "  make <service>-offline-build                        - 离线构建单个服务"
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "完整工作流程:"
-	@echo "  # 1. 有网环境导出缓存"
-	@echo "  make offline-export"
+	@echo "【完整工作流程（推荐）】"
+	@echo "  # 1. 有网环境导出完整缓存"
+	@echo "  make offline-export-full"
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "  # 2. 传输缓存到无网环境"
-	@echo "  scp build-cache-*.tar.gz user@offline-server:/path/to/project/"
+	@echo "  # 2. 传输到无网环境（需要传输两个文件）"
+	@echo "  scp build-cache/images/base-images-with-apt.tar user@offline-server:/path/"
+	@echo "  scp build-cache-*.tar.gz user@offline-server:/path/"
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "  # 3. 无网环境构建（推荐先用传统方式）"
+	@echo "  # 3. 无网环境构建"
 	@echo "  tar -xzf build-cache-*.tar.gz"
-	@echo "  make offline-diagnose       # 检查环境"
-	@echo "  make offline-build-classic  # 传统构建（推荐）"
-	@echo "  # 或 make offline-build     # BuildKit 构建"
+	@echo "  docker load -i build-cache/images/base-images-with-apt.tar"
+	@echo "  make offline-build-final"